![]() Trost of Stanford University, " The Development of the Concept of Atom Economy."ġ. Connelly Real-World Cases in Green Chemistry ACS, Washington, 2000.ġ998 PGCCA Winner: Professor Barry M. Stay “tuned” as you will see these discussed in subsequent Principles of Green Chemistry.Ītom Economy: A Measure of the Efficiency of a Reaction. ![]() These materials usually make up the bulk of the material input, and thus we must also account for the waste that is produced from them. ![]() ![]() However, as those of us who have run a chemical reaction know, we usually use other materials such as solvents and separating agents during a synthesis. Imagine telling your mom you baked a cake and threw away half the ingredients! Thus chemists must not only strive to achieve maximum percent yield, but also design syntheses that maximize the incorporation of the atoms of the reactants into the desired product. Simply put, even if our percent yield is 100%, only half the mass of the reactants atoms are incorporated in the desired product while the other half is wasted in unwanted by-products. The percent atom economy is simply the formula weight of the desired product(s) (compound 4, 137 g/mol) divided by the sum of the formula weights of all the reactants (275 g/mol), which gives 50% in this case. % Atom Economy = (FW of atoms utilized/FW of all reactants) X 100 = (137/275) X 100 = 50% Using the Right Green Yardstick: Why Process Mass Intensity Is Used in the Pharmaceutical Industry to Drive More Sustainable Processes Concepcion Jimenez-Gonzalez, Celia S. Ritter, Chemical & Engineering News, 90(22), May 28, 2012. Pharma Strives for Green Goals, Stephen K. “ Green Chemistry in the Redesign of the Sertraline Process” and Professor Yi Tang, University of California, Los Angeles “ An Efficient Biocatalytic Process to Manufacture Simvastatin”Ģ002 PGCCA Winner: Pfizer, Inc. So, it is important to extend the impressive results achieved by the ACS GCIPR to all parts of the drug industry, especially the biopharma and generic sectors, as well as to other sectors of the chemical enterprise where synthetic chemistry is used to produce their products.Ģ012 PGCCA Winner: Codexis, Inc. However, when companies apply green chemistry principles to the design of the API process, dramatic reductions in waste are often achieved, sometimes as much as ten-fold. This is an important roundtable focus because of the historically large amount of waste coproduced during drug manufacturing-more than 100 kilos per kilo of API in many cases. More recently, the ACS Green Chemistry Institute Pharmaceutical Roundtable ( ACS GCIPR) has favored process mass intensity, which expresses a ratio of the weights of all materials (water, organic solvents, raw materials, reagents, process aids) used to the weight of the active drug ingredient (API) produced. My view is the first principle, often referred to as the prevention principle, is the most important and the other principles are the “how to’s” to achieve itĪn often-used measure of waste is the E-factor, described by Roger Sheldon, which relates the weight of waste coproduced to the weight of the desired product. ![]() In their publication “ Green Chemistry, Theory and Practice” in 1998, Anastas and Warner introduced their 12 principles. Cue, Jr., Ph.D., BWC Pharma Consulting, LLC. It is better to prevent waste than to treat or clean up waste after it has been created.Ĭontributed by Berkeley W. ![]()
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![]() ![]() ![]() The Relax for Rewards program offers a progressive redemption scheme. Owners of electric vehicles will be glad to know that all Fast Park & Relax locations offer complimentary charging.įast Park & Relax doesn't offer coupons or discounts on its website, but it will "honor many membership discounts including AAA and AARP," and "make certain veterans and active military receive special offers as well." It also accepts competitors' coupons that need to be presented "upon exit." Fast Park & Relaxįast Park & Relax operates 14 airports in 13 cities (a Chicago Midway parking lot opens in Q4, 2018). There are also elite tiers, from Silver to Platinum, that offer additional benefits to members. You'll receive 5 points per dollar, and you'll get a free day after as few as seven paid days of parking. The Parking Spot also runs a loyalty program called theSpotClub. The Parking Spot also offers coupons on its website, which seem to be airport-specific and sometimes more generous than ParkRideFly's - up to 40% at some airports. The Parking Spot currently has lots at 21 airports in 18 cities (a lot is scheduled to open at SLC in Salt Lake City in December 2018). The terms and conditions don't explicitly forbid stacking the Mastercard rebate with other discounts, so you could be looking at big savings if you can combine it with a coupon code.īy signing up, you will receive newsletters and promotional content and agree to our Terms of Use and acknowledge the data practices in our Privacy Policy. A free day of parking nationwide costs 10 points.Įxamples of available discounts include 10% off with a coupon code for all users through Jand with another code for AAA members, 12% off for AARP members and 10% automatically when you pay with a Mastercard small business card. If the ParkRideFly locations work for you, check the current coupons and join the Frequent Parker Program (you'll earn 5 points just for signing up). With a presence at 44 airports in 40 cities (as of publish time), this is probably the biggest off-site airport parking company in the US. An off-site airport parking lot will almost always give you a much better deal, and there are frequent shuttles to and from the airport, so you shouldn't have to wait long. It might be nice to drive into the airport parking lot and walk to your terminal, but there are two problems with this approach: it can be very expensive, and the lot might be full. (Photo by izusek/Getty Images) Offsite Parking Companies ![]() Interestingly, the more expensive Citi Prestige card defines travel more narrowly, so you'll only earn 3x points on purchases made at airlines and hotels, so don't use it for airport parking and expect to earn bonus points. ![]() If you have a Citi Premier® Card, you'll earn 3x points on travel including parking lots and garages. Plus, the Sapphire Reserve's $300 annual travel credit can be using toward parking. Chase quite generously counts parking lots and garages as travel, so you'll earn 3x points on the CSR and 2x points on the CSP. There are two Chase credit cards you'll want to consider for parking: Chase Sapphire Reserve and Chase Sapphire Preferred Card. Want to drive your own car to/from the airport? Use a multi-layered approach to maximize your savings and earnings. That's especially true if you travel with any frequency, as most airport parking companies run their own loyalty programs - and, to sweeten the deal even further, you can often earn bonus points for your spending by using the right credit card. Of course, there are always cabs, Lyft, Uber and even shared airport transfer services, but what if you want to drive your own car? Not only is it convenient, but it can be cost-effective as well. Getting to and from your home airport can get pricey. Whether you travel a lot or a little, you know that your expenses aren't limited to airfare, hotels food and excursions. Update: Some offers mentioned below are no longer available. ![]() ![]() ![]() So there is a lot of history of blackface being used as a method of mocking black people. The white actors would then usually play up negative black stereotypes in the process. Blackface was also used on stage or screen so that a show could have black characters, without having to actually, you know, hire black people. In the United States, blackface was used as part of Minstrel Shows, which is basically a comedy show where the only joke was basically "Wow, black people sure are stupid!" As you can imagine, incredibly fucking offensive. Thanks for all your input lads n lasses, I've learnt alot. I keep trying to write a summary sentence or something, but the fact of the matter is, it is not a simple matter, and as a person who has not experienced racism i dont think i could fully understand it. Judging by responses and messages i can see that not everywhere is as accepting as where I am, and I am therefore rather naive on the matter. Hopefully in a bit (or a lot) of time skin colour will be something not unlike hair colour, where it doesn't mean anything other than your parents probably had the same colour as you do, and we will be able to do things like dress up as someone without fear of insulting people.Įdit 2: Imma log off now because reading all of these responses is too interesting and is stopping me from doing my homework which is due fucking tomorrow. I think it's sad that it is an issue, and that people feel discriminated against when people innocently dress as a black character/celebrity. Thanks! Seems to me there are heaps of opinions on the matter from "they're all whiny bitches" to "They deserve a bit more respect because of what they, as a race, have been through". ![]() Went to do homework (because my procrastination was getting ridiculous) and came back to heaps of responses. If I saw a black man dressed as me, and was wearing white face, I would shrug it off because I am white, and wearing a white face would make them look more like me.Įdit: Woah. In no way are you saying black people are inferior, all you are saying is that black people are black. If you are a white person dressing up as a black celebrity or character you would look a lot more like the person if you had a black face, just like you would look a lot more like a person with red hair if you wore a red wig. ![]() ![]() This facsimile edition presents the autograph score of the Christmas Oratorio for the first time in a high quality four-colour reproduction.īach specialist Christoph Wolff has provided an Introduction on the work’s genesis and the features of the manuscript. In contrast, other pages are written out in an immaculate fair hand. Some corrections allow the reader to look over the composer’s shoulder, as it were, and watch him transforming an aria step by step into its present form or struggling to find a definitive version for a short recitative. Other passages in the autograph likewise reveal traces of self-borrowing. The autograph ‘betrays’ Bach’s working methods in the very first chorus: first he underlaid the words of a version from the birthday cantata Tönet ihr Pauken only to cross them out and replace them with the famous Jauchzet, frohlocket. What sounds today as if it could never have been otherwise, in reality dates back in part to earlier Bach pieces that he retexted and adapted for the new purpose. The Christmas Oratorio, with its six parts, has become dear to the hearts of countless music lovers all over the world. The facsimile in high-quality four-colour printing reproduces the extensive score in its original size BWV and bar numbers on every page facilitate its use. ![]() Martina Rebmann describes the genesis of the Bach collection at the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, which holds the autograph. The autograph offers revealing insights into the composer’s working methods, elucidated by Christoph Wolff in an accompanying essay. These works thus fix a decisive moment in the early history of the piano concerto genre which received significant impulses from Bach and his circle of students. They are noted down in a manuscript that is a unique and probably the most important document for the instrumental repertoire of the Leipzig “Collegium Musicum”.īach arranged his concerto movements in such a way that the harpsichord is given a solo part that exploits the instrument’s “clavieristic” possibilities to the full. Among these works are the harpsichord concertos. ![]() Music for a Leipzig “coffee house” and for other venues – Johann Sebastian Bach composed not only for the nobility and the church, but also for bourgeois musical culture. ![]() Concerti a Cembalo obligato BWV 1052-1059 ![]() ![]() Only after making sure that there are no problems, you are able to download and have fun in it. ![]() ![]() If you are interested in it, then first you need to study the parameters of it. In other cases, it should slow down a lot, not respond to your actions, turn off, etc. Unfortunately, many gadgets are not capable of conducting this. The biggest problem with this game is installation. It’s just the perfect thing! Drawbacks Of Gacha Cute Being a fantasy person, you enjoy it because you may be able to create stories. Perhaps the followers never changed it drastically. In fact, there are many such fan-made additions to this franchise. However, you should try Gacha Cute, because no one said it was an absolute disappointment. Of course, this does not mean that it is disgusting, just that you really will not find anything special for yourself. If it is not necessary for you, then you probably shouldn’t install it. New poses, accessories, effects, outfits, hairstyles, etc. Graphics, music, controls, optimization and much more have not changed at all. Just like in other works of this genre, you need to come up with characters with which you can complete various tasks and communicate online! ![]() There are quite a few elements that improve customization and scene creation. So it doesn’t matter which product you choose, because in both of them you have the opportunity to unique anime characters! Fantastic! Differences Gacha Cute From Othersįor people who have tried the original, Gacha Cute should not seem complicated or strange. In principle, they are similar in their ideas and technical components, but they have several additional features. Please restart the game if you experience lag over time.Gacha Cute is a free project produced by a fan of the original. Set the game to Low quality and close other apps to reduce lag. Collect and Gacha 400 unique characters to add to your collection! Gacha for special preset characters to use in your stories! Add up to 16 characters anywhere on the screen! Create your own scenes in Studio Mode! Enter custom text for your characters and choose from many different poses and backgrounds! Set custom profiles for all your characters! New items and more features that were never seen before in Gacha Life or Gacha Club! Create your own custom poses and import and export your favorites! Adjust and rotate any item to any position on your character! Use the new Color Slider to choose from any color you want! Fully customize all your clothing! Customize your personal look! Change your hairstyle, eyes, mouth, and more! Dress up your characters with the latest anime fashion! Mix and match hundreds of clothes, weapons, hats, and more! Now with 300 Character Slots! The possibilities are endless! What are you waiting for? Download Gacha Life 2 and begin your journey today! The sequel to your favorite dress-up game is finally here! Create your own anime styled characters and dress them up in your favorite fashion outfits! With more customization than ever, you can create any character that you can imagine!Ĭhoose from thousands of dresses, shirts, hairstyles, weapons, and much more! After designing your characters, enter the Studio and create your own scenes and stories! Select from a hundred backgrounds to create the perfect story! ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() The finish line mud pit at the Wisconsin Zombie Mud Run I was just happy to be there, a neat freak covered in goo, grass blades, wood chips and mud. Some people actually got testy and angry at the zombies for taking their last life line so close to the finish line and yelled at them. I lost all of my lives, the last one ripped away just a pumpkin patch away from the finish line. I would try to swing my last lifeline to the other side of my belt - think of a running back switching the ball to the other arm - to avoid the zombie, or I would protect myself with a hand, but I was a lost cause. But zombies were always there, waiting and growling. Other obstacles were fun - walking on balance beam type things and jumping off. Twenty years and 10 pounds ago, I could not swing across 20 bars I certainly wasn't going to try it now with my hands coated in jelly. I just handed my life line to a zombie and kept running. Monkey bars? They said you had to make it all the way across or lose a life line. There was one crazy guy who roamed the course and he was fast. The zombies made the run a fun challenge because they took their roles seriously. Or I would just try to fake left and go right around the zombie, although that didn't work in my high school basketball days, I'm not sure why I thought it would work now. I would slow down and wait for other runners so I could confront the zombies in a pack and protect myself with numbers. Still, I didn't need to stop at the first vaccination station, I had two flags, I was alive.īut as we progressed through the race, some of the zombies got tired - and others got more aggressive. I don't have a picture because everyone said, 'Are you crazy? You can't take your phone.' And they were absolutely right.Īfter that, everyone struggled with the swinging ropes obstacle because our hands were all so slippery. I thought I was just running under a net and in to a pool until I realized I was submerged in.silicone gel? Coming out of this slime pit, you find goo webbed between your fingers and oozing off your nails, your shorts hems and your shoelace tips. They blocked the path and took swipes at your 'lives' unless you sprinted past them.Īnd then there were the obstacles. You know what will improve your running time? These freaks chasing you. Wisconsin Zombies Nicholas and Christopher Petersen & Marc Jackson Not 100 yards in to the run, we were greeted with your mother's worst nightmare. ![]() Then the Wisconsin Zombie Mud Run began with the first outbreak - with the runners starting from inside the Beef Barn at Waukesha County Fair. He said it was a tough course.īrent and Erik Leable of Milwaukee, before the first 'outbreak' ![]() Van McNeil just laughed when he saw our faces. She invited a couple thousand runners to the grounds, gave us belts with three flags or 'life lines' and sent us along a three-mile course to navigate with 13 obstacles and countless troubled souls. "So we thought, why not combine it with a run? For the health and the entertainment?" "We're very passionate about Halloween," said Gavinski. So I went to the Waukesha County Expo Grounds Saturday because Ann Marie Gavinksi, who is already skilled at scaring people every October with her Wisconsin Fear Grounds haunted houses, decided to have Halloween in May. I certainly have no business mingling with Zombies since I still shriek HE'S NOT DEAD JAMIE LEE CURTIS! whenever Halloween is showing.īut this is the time to try all things new. I probably have no business running around in mud since I'm the type of person who actually uses those antibacterial wipes to wipe down my grocery cart. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() The words beneath his photograph said it all.Ī number of people spoke at Mark’s memorial service, including friends, family, clients and expedition members. As I looked at his smiling face and read the words beneath it, my heart overflowed with gratitude for having known him and with grief for having lost this most precious friend. I sat in silence and looked at the ‘Order of Service’ booklet that I held in my hands. ![]() I remember Mark’s memorial service as if it were yesterday.Īs I sat in the Chapel of St Peter’s College, with hundreds of others who came to pay their respects and celebrate Mark’s extraordinary life, I saw an assortment of adventure gear and other symbols on the stage together with photographs of Mark that represented his essence. This post is an excerpt from the book: The Spirit of Adventure Calls: A Compass for Life, Learning & Leadership, which I wrote as a tribute to Mark and as a way of sharing his treasure.Ĭhapter 5 Tributes to a Magnificent Human Being An account of this story is shared with this blog below but as I reflect on his life and passing I want to let go of the grief and celebrate his life. 20 years ago on May 24th, 2001, Mark Auricht came to rest on Mt Everest at 7900m after 30+ hours of climbing and descending above 8000m in his pursuit of a dream to reach the summit and what transpired as a relentless struggle back, reaching for the life and loved ones he so cherished many thousands of metres below. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Next, Gantt Charts show potential risks and resource overload. Simply listing your tasks forces you to break them down into the smallest pieces to see their dependencies (the basis of task management!) Also, by including start and finish dates, it forces you to imagine the project all the way to completion, rather than get stuck in the messy middle. Want to create a Gantt Chart right now? Sign up for a free trial of Planio today.įirst, a Gantt Chart promotes detailed planning. But seeing everything in a visual manner like this has some other major benefits. Not only are Gantt Charts great for keeping track of your tasks. While originally written out on paper, most modern project management tools like Planio offer Gantt Charts as an option for viewing your tasks. In other words, a Gantt Chart can be used by anyone who is running or just wants to keep track of a project. The project’s progress and whether you’re keeping up with the schedule.How tasks group together, overlap and depend on each other.When tasks start and finish and how long they should take.Each individual project task and who is responsible for them.Why (and when to) use a Gantt ChartĪ Gantt Chart is a visual representation of tasks over time that is incredibly useful for planning projects of almost any size and complexity. We recommend you download the template first and follow along as we run through the guide. In this guide, we’ll run you through everything you need to know about how (and when) to use Gantt Charts, best practices for making them, and show you a step-by-step guide of how to create your own using Microsoft Excel and other more powerful project management tools. Like most aspects of project management, Gantt Charts are simple in concept, but slightly more complicated in execution. what needs to get done before you can do that task). With a Gantt Chart, you get a quick, intuitive view of each task according to its time commitment and dependencies (i.e. Gantt charts are one of the most powerful tools for seeing your path from 0–100% and identifying where issues might creep up. ![]() ![]() Origins and history A little boy rolling the prayer wheels at Swayambhunath, Nepal The term “mantra mill”, in contrast to “prayer wheel”, is perhaps a better translation of the Tibetan 'khor-lo, since a "mill" refers to a turning process that generates a particular output, in this case generating merit. A long strip of rolled-up paper bearing printed or inscribed mantras rather than prayers, per se, is inside the cylinder. The common term, “prayer wheel” is a double misnomer. The Tibetan term is a contraction: " mani" itself is a contraction of Sanskrit cintamani " chos" is Tibetan for dharma and " 'khor" or " 'khorlo" means chakrano. At the core of the cylinder, as the axle of the wheel, is a "life tree" made of wood or metal with mantras written on or wrapped around it.Īccording to the Tibetan Buddhist tradition, spinning such a wheel will have much the same meritorious effect as orally reciting the prayers. Prayer wheels sometimes depict dakinis and the eight auspicious symbols ( ashtamangala). ![]() The mantra Om mani padme hum is most commonly used, but other mantras can also be used. Traditionally, a mantra is written in Ranjana script or Tibetan script, on the outside of the wheel. Prayer wheels are common in Tibet and areas where Tibetan culture is predominant. The wheel is installed on a spindle made from metal, wood, stone, leather, or coarse cotton. Petersburg, Russia Pilgrim with prayer wheel, Tsurphu Monastery, 1993Ī prayer wheel, or mani wheel, is a cylindrical wheel ( Tibetan: འཁོར་ལོ།, Wylie: 'khor lo, Oirat: кюрдэ) for Buddhist recitation. Prayer wheels in Mussoorie, India Prayer wheels at the Datsan Gunzechoinei Buddhist temple in St. ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) ( November 2021) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) ![]() Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. ![]() ![]() How do I connect a MIDI keyboard to my computer? In other words if your serious about making music on a computer a MIDI device will make your work better faster!
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